MIDDLE AGES PLAGUE CODE

Kings became the heads of centralised nation states, reducing crime and violence but making the ideal of a unified Christendom more distant.

The Crusades, first preached in 1095, were military attempts by Western European Christians to regain control of the Middle Eastern Holy Land from the Muslims.

Manorialism, the organisation of peasants into villages that owed rent and labour services to the nobles, and feudalism, the political structure whereby knights and lower-status nobles owed military service to their overlords in return for the right to rent from lands and manors, were two of the ways society was organised in the High Middle Ages. The Franks, under the Carolingian dynasty, briefly established an empire covering much of Western Europe the Carolingian Empire during the later 8th and early 9th century, but it later succumbed to the pressures of internal civil wars combined with external invasions-Vikings from the north, Magyars from the east, and Saracens from the south.ĭuring the High Middle Ages, which began after AD 1000, the population of Europe increased greatly as technological and agricultural innovations allowed trade to flourish and the Medieval Warm Period climate change allowed crop yields to increase. Monasteries were founded as campaigns to Christianise pagan Europe continued. In the West, most kingdoms incorporated the few extant Roman institutions.

MIDDLE AGES PLAGUE CODE

The empire's law code, the Code of Justinian, was rediscovered in Northern Italy in 1070 and became widely admired later in the Middle Ages. The still-sizeable Byzantine Empire survived in the east and remained a major power. Although there were substantial changes in society and political structures, the break with Antiquity was not complete. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East, once part of the Eastern Roman Empire came under the rule of the Caliphate, an Islamic empire, after conquest by Muhammad's successors. The barbarian invaders, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, the High, and the Late Middle Ages.ĭepopulation, deurbanisation, invasion, and movement of peoples, which had begun in Late Antiquity, continued in the Early Middle Ages. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. In European history, the Middle Ages, or Medieval period, lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

Middle ages plague